Quantum error correction
Surface codes, decoders and the hardware that has to run them in microseconds.
The question
Can we find and fix errors faster than they pile up?
A surface code measures checks between neighbouring qubits. An error lights up the checks at its ends; the decoder has to guess the most likely error from those flags — in a few microseconds, every cycle.
Methods, tools and data
| Codes | Surface code, XZZX code, repetition codes for hardware tests |
|---|---|
| Decoders | Union-find and matching decoders, leakage-aware variants |
| Hardware | Cryogenic FPGA prototypes with a fixed latency budget |
| Tools | Open-source simulators extended with our noise models |
Representative papers
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25
“Leakage-aware decoding for heavy-square surface codes on fixed-frequency transmons”
Quantum Device Letters, Vol. 14, 092301, 2026
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22
“A streaming union-find decoder that fits in a cryogenic FPGA budget”
Proc. Asia-Pacific Quantum Computing Workshop (APQC), pp. 41–48, 2026
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19
“Biased-noise thresholds for the XZZX code under correlated readout errors”
Transactions on Quantum Computing Systems, Vol. 6, 4012, 2025
People on this topic
- Jaeyun LimPh.D. Student · Leakage-aware surface-code decoders
- Seungho BaekPh.D. Student · Real-time decoding on cryogenic FPGAs
- Taemin RyuPh.D. Student · Biased-noise codes and correlated errors
- Wonjae YooM.S. Student · Decoder latency analysis