01 · Heatwaves
Heatwave days have tripled since the 1980s.
In Hanbit, days above 33 °C rose from about five a year to more than fifteen. Dark dots mark summers with over 22 heatwave days — all after 2010.
Heatwave research02 · Monsoon
Summer rain comes in bursts.
Total June–September rain changed little, but the red years delivered a month of rain in a few days. We trace that shift to moisture carried further north.
Monsoon research03 · Urban heat
The city is its own climate.
At night the industrial belt stays 4 °C warmer than the countryside, while the park is almost as cool. Pick a district on the map to compare.
Urban heat research+4.1 °C warmer than the countryside at night
Large roofs and paved yards; the hottest surfaces in the city.